The Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Arbo and Respiratory virus research is currently investigating the origins and evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 variants in the Gauteng province in South Africa using a One Health approach in three ways: 1. Immunocompromised Hosts: Active surveillance of HIV-uncontrolled individuals in Tshwane to study persistent SARS-CoV-2 infections in people with weakened immune systems. Longitudinal sampling will track the virus's evolution within this group.